Protector of the Realm: Gustav I of Sweden (1496 – 1560)

Despite the consistent power struggles between the monarchy and nobility, Gustav Vasa rose to power from a nobleman to king of a liberated Sweden.
King Gustav Vasa
Fig. 1 - Cornelius Arendtz (1610–1640), Gustav Vasa (1496-1560), kung av Sverige, 17th century, oil on canvas. Image by Nationalmuseum (PDM).
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Gustav I was also known as Protector of the Realm, Father of the Nation, Founder of Modern Sweden, and King Oxtail.

Gustav Eriksson Vasa was born in 1496 into a high noble family, a descendant of the Vasa and Sture lines[[1]]. His great-uncle Sten Sture the Elder was the regent of Sweden, and his great-grandmother was King Karl VIII's sister. Unsurprisingly, there was no dearth of landed wealth and status in the family.

A dangerous alliance

Gustav's cousin, Sten Sture the Younger, also had his turn at being regent from 1512 until 1520, and staunchly opposed Danish rule in Sweden. Gustav and his father aligned with Sture's position, and were influential enough to be considered a threat. Following a Swedish victory in the Battle of Brännkyrka in 1518, Gustav was one of six hostages[[2]] to be held during negotiations with Denmark's King Christian II – which did not occur. 

The opulent festivities were perversely followed by mass executions of over 80 people who had supported Sture, in an event now known as the Stockholm Bloodbath. Gustav's father, Erik Johanssen Vasa, as well as his cousin, were killed for heresy.

Instead, the Swedes were transported to Denmark and held captive. It was an attempt to convince them to switch sides, and while it worked on the rest of his countrymen, Gustav's allegiance was unwavering. The following year, he succeeded in escaping to Lübeck in disguise – accounts differ as to what this was, but possibly a bullock driver.